Legal & immigration

Certified Translation, Explained

What a certified translation is, who can make one, and how it differs from sworn and notarized translations.

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“Certified translation” means different things in different places. In the US and the UK it's a complete translation with the translator's signed statement that it is accurate. In much of continental Europe and Latin America, official documents need a sworn translator appointed by a court or a ministry. A notarized translation is something else again. This page explains each so you can ask for the right one. Reglyph doesn't certify translations: it gives you a complete machine translation in the original layout, for reading documents and checking the certified version you receive.

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What “certified” means in the US

In the United States anyone can certify a translation, as the American Translators Association puts it. USCIS asks for the translator's signed statement that the translation is complete and accurate and that they are competent to translate, with their name, the date and contact details. ATA certification is a professional credential earned by exam for one language pair in one direction; it isn't a legal requirement. A notary adds nothing about accuracy: the notarial certificate verifies only who signed.

When a certified translation is required

The situations people most often bring certified translations to us for — each one keeps the original layout, seals and tables.

  • USCIS and US immigration court filings
  • UK visa and settlement applications
  • Court filings in many US and foreign courts
  • Credential evaluation (WES requires a professional translator)
  • Official documents for authorities in countries with sworn translators

Before you order

Ask the receiving office exactly what it wants: certified, sworn, notarized, or apostilled on top. Translators and agencies usually price by page or by word, and rates vary by language and provider. A machine translation from Reglyph helps you see what a document says before you order, and check the certified version against the original page when it arrives.

Certified, sworn and notarized compared

TypeWho makes itWhat it isWhere it's used
Certified (US)Any translator competent in both languagesA complete translation plus the translator's signed statement of accuracy and competenceUSCIS, immigration court; some courts add requirements, such as ATA certification
Certified (UK)Usually a professional translator, often a member of CIOL or ITI, or an ATC member companyThe translator's written confirmation that it is a true and accurate translation, with date, full name and contact detailsHome Office applications, courts
SwornA translator appointed by a court or ministryAn official translation, signed and sealed by the sworn translatorGermany, France, Spain, Italy and many other civil-law countries
NotarizedA notary, on top of a translationConfirms who signed, not whether the translation is rightSome registries and courts; in Texas a translation needs a notarial certificate before it can be apostilled

Sworn translators, country by country

  • Germany: translators are authorised (ermächtigt) or sworn (beeidigt) by the president of a regional court, and may then certify that a translation is correct and complete. The states keep a joint register at justiz-dolmetscher.de.
  • France: the title is expert près la cour d'appel, and only translators on a court of appeal's list may translate official foreign documents meant for French authorities.
  • Spain: the Ministry of Foreign Affairs appoints traductores jurados and publishes the list; their signed and sealed translations are official before courts and authorities.
  • Italy: in an asseverazione the translator swears to the translation before a court clerk or a notary.
  • United Kingdom: there are no sworn translators; certification comes from the translator or translation company, as above.

A certified translation isn't valid everywhere

A US or UK certified translation is not automatically accepted abroad, and a sworn translation from one country isn't automatically accepted in another. If a document is going to an authority in France, Spain, Germany or Italy, ask whether it needs a sworn translation made in that country. Some countries also want the translation itself legalised or apostilled: the Netherlands, for example, asks for a translator sworn in by a Dutch court, or a legalised or apostilled translation when it was made abroad.

What Reglyph is for

Reglyph is machine translation. It doesn't certify, swear or notarize anything. What it gives you is a complete translation of a scanned document in its original layout: to read a record before you decide what to order, to prepare an application, and to check a certified translation against the original page once you have it. Some US translators will also review and certify an existing translation; whether they do is up to them, so ask.

Certified Translation, Explained — frequently asked

Does Reglyph provide certified translations?

No. Reglyph produces machine translations in the original layout. A certification has to be signed by a translator, and a sworn translation made by a sworn translator.

Who can certify a translation in the US?

Any translator competent in both languages; there's no government licence. USCIS asks for the translator's signed statement of competence and accuracy, though some courts set their own requirements.

What is ATA certification?

A professional credential from the American Translators Association, earned by passing an exam for one language pair in one direction. It's not required by USCIS.

What is a certified translation in the UK?

A translation with the translator's written confirmation that it is a true and accurate translation of the original, dated and with their full name and contact details. The UK has no sworn translators.

What's the difference between certified and notarized?

A certified translation carries the translator's statement that it's accurate. A notary only confirms the identity of the person who signed, not the translation.

What is a sworn translator?

A translator appointed by a court or a ministry whose translations are official: a beeidigter or ermächtigter Übersetzer in Germany, an expert près la cour d'appel in France, a traductor jurado in Spain.

Will France accept a US certified translation?

Not for official documents meant for French authorities, which must be translated by a translator on a French court of appeal's list.

Can I translate and certify my own documents?

Often not. Canada and New Zealand don't accept translations by applicants or their family, and WES rejects translations made by the applicant. The USCIS rule names no credential, but the translator must certify their competence.

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